Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act - Revision history

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History

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	The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act was signed on the 25th anniversary of the abduction of Adam Walsh from a shopping mall in [[Florida]]. Adam Walsh was found murdered 16 days after his abduction in 1981, and the perpetrator was not named until December 16, 2008, when the Hollywood, Florida police department announced that they had evidence that Ottis Toole was the killer. Adam Walsh's father is John Walsh, host of the television series ''America's Most Wanted'', a crusader and advocate of vigilante justice.<ref name="deseret"/> John Walsh, also founder of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC), was joined by other ~~children's vigilantes~~ to mount an aggressive campaign to get the bill passed into law. As part of the campaign, Walsh was joined by Congressman Sensenbrenner, representatives from the NCMEC, and other victims' advocates and parents. These included Patty Wetterling, children's advocate from [[Minnesota]] and mother of missing child Jacob Wetterling, abducted in October 1989; Mark Lunsford, whose daughter Jessica was killed in Florida in 2005; Linda Walker, the mother of North Dakota college student Dru Sjodin who was kidnapped and murdered by a released Minnesota sex offender in November 2003; and Erin Runnion, whose five-year-old daughter Samantha Runnion was raped and killed in California in 2002.		The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act was signed on the 25th anniversary of the abduction of Adam Walsh from a shopping mall in [[Florida]]. Adam Walsh was found murdered 16 days after his abduction in 1981, and the perpetrator was not named until December 16, 2008, when the Hollywood, Florida police department announced that they had evidence that Ottis Toole was the killer. Adam Walsh's father is John Walsh, host of the television series ''America's Most Wanted'', a crusader and advocate of vigilante justice.<ref name="deseret"/> John Walsh, also founder of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC), was joined by other fear mongers to mount an aggressive campaign to get the bill passed into law. As part of the campaign, Walsh was joined by Congressman Sensenbrenner, representatives from the NCMEC, and other victims' advocates and parents. These included Patty Wetterling, children's advocate from [[Minnesota]] and mother of missing child Jacob Wetterling, abducted in October 1989; Mark Lunsford, whose daughter Jessica was killed in Florida in 2005; Linda Walker, the mother of North Dakota college student Dru Sjodin who was kidnapped and murdered by a released Minnesota sex offender in November 2003; and Erin Runnion, whose five-year-old daughter Samantha Runnion was raped and killed in California in 2002.

	==Legal applications==		==Legal applications==

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2016-03-09T14:34:21Z

History

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	The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act was signed on the 25th anniversary of the abduction of Adam Walsh from a shopping mall in [[Florida]]. Adam Walsh was found murdered 16 days after his abduction in 1981, and the perpetrator was not named until December 16, 2008, when the Hollywood, Florida police department announced that they had evidence that Ottis Toole was the killer. Adam Walsh's father is John Walsh, host of the television series ''America's Most Wanted''.<ref name="deseret"/> John Walsh, also founder of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC), was joined by other children's ~~advocates~~ to mount an aggressive campaign to get the bill passed into law. As part of the campaign, Walsh was joined by Congressman Sensenbrenner, representatives from the NCMEC, and other victims' advocates and parents. These included Patty Wetterling, children's advocate from [[Minnesota]] and mother of missing child Jacob Wetterling, abducted in October 1989; Mark Lunsford, whose daughter Jessica was killed in Florida in 2005; Linda Walker, the mother of North Dakota college student Dru Sjodin who was kidnapped and murdered by a released Minnesota sex offender in November 2003; and Erin Runnion, whose five-year-old daughter Samantha Runnion was raped and killed in California in 2002.		The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act was signed on the 25th anniversary of the abduction of Adam Walsh from a shopping mall in [[Florida]]. Adam Walsh was found murdered 16 days after his abduction in 1981, and the perpetrator was not named until December 16, 2008, when the Hollywood, Florida police department announced that they had evidence that Ottis Toole was the killer. Adam Walsh's father is John Walsh, host of the television series ''America's Most Wanted'', a crusader and advocate of vigilante justice.<ref name="deseret"/> John Walsh, also founder of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC), was joined by other children's vigilantes to mount an aggressive campaign to get the bill passed into law. As part of the campaign, Walsh was joined by Congressman Sensenbrenner, representatives from the NCMEC, and other victims' advocates and parents. These included Patty Wetterling, children's advocate from [[Minnesota]] and mother of missing child Jacob Wetterling, abducted in October 1989; Mark Lunsford, whose daughter Jessica was killed in Florida in 2005; Linda Walker, the mother of North Dakota college student Dru Sjodin who was kidnapped and murdered by a released Minnesota sex offender in November 2003; and Erin Runnion, whose five-year-old daughter Samantha Runnion was raped and killed in California in 2002.

	==Legal applications==		==Legal applications==

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Influence on visa process

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	The Act also for the first time limits the rights of citizens or permanent residents to petition to immigrate their spouse or other relatives to the U.S. if the petitioner has a listed child sex abuse conviction. If that is the case, then the petition cannot be approved unless the Department of Homeland Security determines in its unreviewable discretion that there is no risk of harm to the beneficiary or derivative beneficiary.		The Act also for the first time limits the rights of citizens or permanent residents to petition to immigrate their spouse or other relatives to the U.S. if the petitioner has a listed child sex abuse conviction. If that is the case, then the petition cannot be approved unless the Department of Homeland Security determines in its unreviewable discretion that there is no risk of harm to the beneficiary or derivative beneficiary.

	The Federal Record Keeping and Labeling Requirements Laws have been attached to this bill ([[18 USC 2257]]). This will require secondary producers to be responsible for the record keeping procedures primary producers gather when they produce [[pornography]].<ref name="speech">{{cite web \| last = \| first = \| authorlink = \| coauthors = \| year = \| url = http://www.freespeechcoalition.com/FSCView.asp?action=preview&coid=137\| title = Free Speech Coalition v. Gonzales (2005)\| format = \| publisher = Free Speech Coalition\| accessdate = July 10, 2007 \|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070630053751/http://www.freespeechcoalition.com/FSCView.asp?action=preview&coid=137 \|archivedate = June 30, 2007}}</ref>		The Federal Record Keeping and Labeling Requirements Laws have been attached to this bill (18 USC 2257). This will require secondary producers to be responsible for the record keeping procedures primary producers gather when they produce pornography.<ref name="speech">{{cite web \| last = \| first = \| authorlink = \| coauthors = \| year = \| url = http://www.freespeechcoalition.com/FSCView.asp?action=preview&coid=137\| title = Free Speech Coalition v. Gonzales (2005)\| format = \| publisher = Free Speech Coalition\| accessdate = July 10, 2007 \|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070630053751/http://www.freespeechcoalition.com/FSCView.asp?action=preview&coid=137 \|archivedate = June 30, 2007}}</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==

Etenne: /* Effects */

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Effects

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	In some states the Adam Walsh Act (AWA) effectively expanded the registries as much as 500%.<ref>{{cite web\|title=5 years later, states struggle to comply with federal sex offender law\|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/07/28/sex.offender.adam.walsh.act/\|publisher=CNN\|date=28 July 2011}}</ref> Since its enactment, critics have expressed concerns about the act's scope and breadth. Several sex offenders were prosecuted under its regulations before any state adopted AWA. This has resulted in one life sentence for failure to register, due to the offender being homeless and not being able to maintain a physical address.<ref>{{cite news\| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/03/us/03homeless.html?ex=1343793600&en=c284b3791a25a5ae&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss \| work=The New York Times \| title=Homelessness Could Mean Life in Prison for Offender \| first=Shaila \| last=Dewan \| date=August 3, 2007}}</ref> The Adam Walsh Act requires anyone convicted of a sex crime to register as a sex offender where it will be posted on the internet for all to see.		In some states the Adam Walsh Act (AWA) effectively expanded the registries as much as 500%.<ref>{{cite web\|title=5 years later, states struggle to comply with federal sex offender law\|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/CRIME/07/28/sex.offender.adam.walsh.act/\|publisher=CNN\|date=28 July 2011}}</ref> Since its enactment, critics have expressed concerns about the act's scope and breadth. Several sex offenders were prosecuted under its regulations before any state adopted AWA. This has resulted in one life sentence for failure to register, due to the offender being homeless and not being able to maintain a physical address.<ref>{{cite news\| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/03/us/03homeless.html?ex=1343793600&en=c284b3791a25a5ae&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss \| work=The New York Times \| title=Homelessness Could Mean Life in Prison for Offender \| first=Shaila \| last=Dewan \| date=August 3, 2007}}</ref> The Adam Walsh Act requires anyone convicted of a sex crime to register as a sex offender where it will be posted on the internet for all to see.

	A study conducted in [[Ohio]] found that ~~[[Ex post facto law\|~~retroactive]] AWA re-classification increased the number of offenders and altered their placement in management categories. Prior implementation of AWA in Ohio 76% of adult and 88% of juvenile offenders were designated on the least restrictive category or did not have to register at all, while only 20% of adults and 5% of juveniles were classified as "''[[sexual predators]]''", the most restrictive category. Following re-classification this basic pattern was reversed, with 13% of adults and 22% of juveniles placed in Tier 1, 31% of adults and 32% of juveniles placed in Tier 2, and 55% of adults and 46% of juveniles placed in the highest and most restrictive Tier 3. 41% of adults and 43% of juveniles previously in lowest category and 59% of adults and 45% of juveniles who were not previously registered at all were assigned to Tier 3.<ref>{{cite journal\|last1=Harris\|first1=A. J.\|last2=Lobanov-Rostovsky\|first2=C.\|last3=Levenson\|first3=J. S.\|title=Widening the Net: The Effects of Transitioning to the Adam Walsh Act's Federally Mandated Sex Offender Classification System\|journal=Criminal Justice and Behavior\|date=2 April 2010\|volume=37\|issue=5\|pages=503–519\|doi=10.1177/0093854810363889}}</ref>		A study conducted in [[Ohio]] found that retroactive AWA re-classification increased the number of offenders and altered their placement in management categories. Prior implementation of AWA in Ohio 76% of adult and 88% of juvenile offenders were designated on the least restrictive category or did not have to register at all, while only 20% of adults and 5% of juveniles were classified as "''sexual predators''", the most restrictive category. Following re-classification this basic pattern was reversed, with 13% of adults and 22% of juveniles placed in Tier 1, 31% of adults and 32% of juveniles placed in Tier 2, and 55% of adults and 46% of juveniles placed in the highest and most restrictive Tier 3. 41% of adults and 43% of juveniles previously in lowest category and 59% of adults and 45% of juveniles who were not previously registered at all were assigned to Tier 3.<ref>{{cite journal\|last1=Harris\|first1=A. J.\|last2=Lobanov-Rostovsky\|first2=C.\|last3=Levenson\|first3=J. S.\|title=Widening the Net: The Effects of Transitioning to the Adam Walsh Act's Federally Mandated Sex Offender Classification System\|journal=Criminal Justice and Behavior\|date=2 April 2010\|volume=37\|issue=5\|pages=503–519\|doi=10.1177/0093854810363889}}</ref>

	==Influence on visa process==		==Influence on visa process==

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Legal applications

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	*Gives the U.S. Attorney General the authority to apply the law retroactively		*Gives the U.S. Attorney General the authority to apply the law retroactively
	*Gives a federal Judge the ability to civilly commit individuals who are in the custody of the federal prison system if it is proven that the individual (1) has engaged or attempted to engage in sexually violent conduct or child molestation; (2) suffers from a serious mental illness, abnormality, or disorder; and, (3) as a result, would have serious difficulty refraining from sexually violent conduct or child molestation if released. A hearing is available to the involuntarily committed individual every six months to reconsider their commitment status if requested by counsel or the person in the federal treatment program.		*Gives a federal Judge the ability to civilly commit individuals who are in the custody of the federal prison system if it is proven that the individual (1) has engaged or attempted to engage in sexually violent conduct or child molestation; (2) suffers from a serious mental illness, abnormality, or disorder; and, (3) as a result, would have serious difficulty refraining from sexually violent conduct or child molestation if released. A hearing is available to the involuntarily committed individual every six months to reconsider their commitment status if requested by counsel or the person in the federal treatment program.
	*Establishes a national database which will incorporate the use of DNA evidence collection and DNA registry and tracking of convicted sex offenders with [[Global Positioning System]] technology.		*Establishes a national database which will incorporate the use of DNA evidence collection and DNA registry and tracking of convicted sex offenders with Global Positioning System technology.
	*The law defines and requires a three-tier classification system for sex offenders, based on offense committed, replacing the older system based on risk of re-offence.		*The law defines and requires a three-tier classification system for sex offenders, based on offense committed, replacing the older system based on risk of re-offence.
	*Tier 1 sex offenders are required to register for 10–15 years; tier 2 for 25 years and tier 3 offenders must register for 25 years to life.<ref>42 USC 16915</ref>		*Tier 1 sex offenders are required to register for 10–15 years; tier 2 for 25 years and tier 3 offenders must register for 25 years to life.<ref>42 USC 16915</ref>
	*Increases the mandatory minimum incarceration period of 25 years for kidnapping or maiming a child and 30 years for sex with a child younger than 12 or for sexually assaulting a child between 13 and 17 years old.		*Increases the mandatory minimum incarceration period of 25 years for kidnapping or maiming a child and 30 years for sex with a child younger than 12 or for sexually assaulting a child between 13 and 17 years old.
	*Allows courts to expand definition of sex crimes requiring registration through broad residual clause.		*Allows courts to expand definition of sex crimes requiring registration through broad residual clause.
	*Increases the penalties for ~~[[Trafficking in human beings\|~~sex trafficking]] of children and ~~[[Prostitution of children\|~~child prostitution]].<ref name="deseret"/>		*Increases the penalties for sex trafficking of children and child prostitution.<ref name="deseret"/>
	*Widens federal funding to assist local law enforcement in tracking sexual exploitation of minors on the internet.		*Widens federal funding to assist local law enforcement in tracking sexual exploitation of minors on the internet.
	*Creates a national child abuse/neglect registry to protect children from being ~~[[Foster care\|~~placed into the care of]] or adopted by people convicted of child abuse or child neglect.<ref name="Kvl">{{cite web \| last = \| first = \| authorlink = \| coauthors = \| year = 2006 \| url = http://rpc.senate.gov/_files/L49HR4427ChldprotBB072006.pdf#search='H.R.%204472' \| title = H.R. 4472 — Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 \| format = pdf \| work = Legislative Notice \| publisher = U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee \| accessdate = July 10, 2007 \|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070703072051/http://rpc.senate.gov/_files/L49HR4427ChldprotBB072006.pdf#search='H.R.%204472' \|archivedate = July 3, 2007}}</ref>		*Creates a national child abuse/neglect registry to protect children from being placed into the care of or adopted by people convicted of child abuse or child neglect.<ref name="Kvl">{{cite web \| last = \| first = \| authorlink = \| coauthors = \| year = 2006 \| url = http://rpc.senate.gov/_files/L49HR4427ChldprotBB072006.pdf#search='H.R.%204472' \| title = H.R. 4472 — Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 \| format = pdf \| work = Legislative Notice \| publisher = U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee \| accessdate = July 10, 2007 \|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070703072051/http://rpc.senate.gov/_files/L49HR4427ChldprotBB072006.pdf#search='H.R.%204472' \|archivedate = July 3, 2007}}</ref>
	*Limits the defense access to examine child exploitation material which is the subject of a charge, such that examination may only be conducted in a government building.		*Limits the defense access to examine child exploitation material which is the subject of a charge, such that examination may only be conducted in a government building.

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Show changes

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	{{Law icon}}		{{Law icon}}
	The '''Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act'''<ref>https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-109publ248/html/PLAW-109publ248.htm</ref>> is a federal statute that was signed into law by [[U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] on July 27, 2006. The Walsh Act organizes [[sex offender]]s into three tiers according to the crime committed, and mandates that Tier 3 offenders (the most serious tier) update their whereabouts every three months with lifetime registration requirements. Tier 2 offenders must update their whereabouts every six months with 25 years of registration, and Tier 1 offenders must update their whereabouts every year with 15 years of registration. Failure to register and update information is a [[felony]] under the law. States are required to publicly disclose information of Tier 2 and Tier 3 offenders, at minimum. It also contains [[civil commitment]] provisions for [[Sexually violent predator laws\|sexually dangerous people]].<ref name="papers.ssrn.com"/>		The '''Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act'''<ref>https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-109publ248/html/PLAW-109publ248.htm</ref> is a federal statute that was signed into law by [[U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] on July 27, 2006. The Walsh Act organizes [[sex offender]]s into three tiers according to the crime committed, and mandates that Tier 3 offenders (the most serious tier) update their whereabouts every three months with lifetime registration requirements. Tier 2 offenders must update their whereabouts every six months with 25 years of registration, and Tier 1 offenders must update their whereabouts every year with 15 years of registration. Failure to register and update information is a [[felony]] under the law. States are required to publicly disclose information of Tier 2 and Tier 3 offenders, at minimum. It also contains [[civil commitment]] provisions for [[Sexually violent predator laws\|sexually dangerous people]].<ref name="papers.ssrn.com"/>

	The Act also creates a national [[Sex offender registries in the United States\|sex offender registry]] and instructs each state and territory to apply identical criteria for posting offender data on the internet (i.e., offender's name, address, date of birth, place of employment, photograph, etc.).<ref name="Bush">{{cite web\| year = 2006 \| url = http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/07/20060727-6.html \| title = President Signs H.R. 4472, the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 \| publisher =[[White House]]\| accessdate = July 10, 2007}}</ref> The Act was named after [[Murder of Adam Walsh\|Adam Walsh]], an American boy who was abducted from a Florida [[shopping mall]] and later found murdered.		The Act also creates a national [[Sex offender registries in the United States\|sex offender registry]] and instructs each state and territory to apply identical criteria for posting offender data on the internet (i.e., offender's name, address, date of birth, place of employment, photograph, etc.).<ref name="Bush">{{cite web\| year = 2006 \| url = http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/07/20060727-6.html \| title = President Signs H.R. 4472, the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 \| publisher =[[White House]]\| accessdate = July 10, 2007}}</ref> The Act was named after [[Murder of Adam Walsh\|Adam Walsh]], an American boy who was abducted from a Florida [[shopping mall]] and later found murdered.

Etenne: /* See also */

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Etenne at 14:40, 8 March 2016

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	{{Law icon}}		{{Law icon}}
	The '''Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act'''<ref ~~name="USPL\|109\|248"~~/> is a federal statute that was signed into law by [[U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] on July 27, 2006. The Walsh Act organizes [[sex offender]]s into three tiers according to the crime committed, and mandates that Tier 3 offenders (the most serious tier) update their whereabouts every three months with lifetime registration requirements. Tier 2 offenders must update their whereabouts every six months with 25 years of registration, and Tier 1 offenders must update their whereabouts every year with 15 years of registration. Failure to register and update information is a [[felony]] under the law. States are required to publicly disclose information of Tier 2 and Tier 3 offenders, at minimum. It also contains [[civil commitment]] provisions for [[Sexually violent predator laws\|sexually dangerous people]].<ref name="papers.ssrn.com"/>		The '''Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act'''<ref>https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/PLAW-109publ248/html/PLAW-109publ248.htm</ref>> is a federal statute that was signed into law by [[U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] on July 27, 2006. The Walsh Act organizes [[sex offender]]s into three tiers according to the crime committed, and mandates that Tier 3 offenders (the most serious tier) update their whereabouts every three months with lifetime registration requirements. Tier 2 offenders must update their whereabouts every six months with 25 years of registration, and Tier 1 offenders must update their whereabouts every year with 15 years of registration. Failure to register and update information is a [[felony]] under the law. States are required to publicly disclose information of Tier 2 and Tier 3 offenders, at minimum. It also contains [[civil commitment]] provisions for [[Sexually violent predator laws\|sexually dangerous people]].<ref name="papers.ssrn.com"/>

	The Act also creates a national [[Sex offender registries in the United States\|sex offender registry]] and instructs each state and territory to apply identical criteria for posting offender data on the internet (i.e., offender's name, address, date of birth, place of employment, photograph, etc.).<ref name="Bush">{{cite web\| year = 2006 \| url = http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/07/20060727-6.html \| title = President Signs H.R. 4472, the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 \| publisher =[[White House]]\| accessdate = July 10, 2007}}</ref> The Act was named after [[Murder of Adam Walsh\|Adam Walsh]], an American boy who was abducted from a Florida [[shopping mall]] and later found murdered.		The Act also creates a national [[Sex offender registries in the United States\|sex offender registry]] and instructs each state and territory to apply identical criteria for posting offender data on the internet (i.e., offender's name, address, date of birth, place of employment, photograph, etc.).<ref name="Bush">{{cite web\| year = 2006 \| url = http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/07/20060727-6.html \| title = President Signs H.R. 4472, the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 \| publisher =[[White House]]\| accessdate = July 10, 2007}}</ref> The Act was named after [[Murder of Adam Walsh\|Adam Walsh]], an American boy who was abducted from a Florida [[shopping mall]] and later found murdered.

Etenne at 17:50, 14 February 2016

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			{{Law icon}}
	The '''Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act'''<ref name="USPL\|109\|248"/> is a federal statute that was signed into law by [[U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] on July 27, 2006. The Walsh Act organizes [[sex offender]]s into three tiers according to the crime committed, and mandates that Tier 3 offenders (the most serious tier) update their whereabouts every three months with lifetime registration requirements. Tier 2 offenders must update their whereabouts every six months with 25 years of registration, and Tier 1 offenders must update their whereabouts every year with 15 years of registration. Failure to register and update information is a [[felony]] under the law. States are required to publicly disclose information of Tier 2 and Tier 3 offenders, at minimum. It also contains [[civil commitment]] provisions for [[Sexually violent predator laws\|sexually dangerous people]].<ref name="papers.ssrn.com"/>		The '''Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act'''<ref name="USPL\|109\|248"/> is a federal statute that was signed into law by [[U.S. President]] [[George W. Bush]] on July 27, 2006. The Walsh Act organizes [[sex offender]]s into three tiers according to the crime committed, and mandates that Tier 3 offenders (the most serious tier) update their whereabouts every three months with lifetime registration requirements. Tier 2 offenders must update their whereabouts every six months with 25 years of registration, and Tier 1 offenders must update their whereabouts every year with 15 years of registration. Failure to register and update information is a [[felony]] under the law. States are required to publicly disclose information of Tier 2 and Tier 3 offenders, at minimum. It also contains [[civil commitment]] provisions for [[Sexually violent predator laws\|sexually dangerous people]].<ref name="papers.ssrn.com"/>

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	*[http://www.nacdl.org/Champion.aspx?id=935&terms=scarlet+letter+of+the+law The Scarlet Letter of the Law: The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006]		*[http://www.nacdl.org/Champion.aspx?id=935&terms=scarlet+letter+of+the+law The Scarlet Letter of the Law: The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006]
	*[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1496934# The Adam Walsh Act: Un-civil Commitment]		*[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1496934# The Adam Walsh Act: Un-civil Commitment]
			{{Navbox RSOL organizations\|collapsed}}
			[[Category:Law]]

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	==See also==		==See also==
	* [[~~National Center for Missing and Exploited Children~~]]		*[[Portal:Boylove News Channel/Reform Sex Offender Laws]]
	* [[~~Senate Caucus on Missing, Exploited and Runaway Children]]~~		*[[International Megan's Law]]
	* [[House Caucus on Missing and Exploited Children]]

	==References==		==References==