Boylove in antiquity - Revision history

Etenne: /* References */

2015-05-06T20:24:52Z

References

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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist\|2}}


	[[Category:Boylove in antiquity]]		[[Category:Boylove in antiquity]]

Etenne: /* Ancient Crete */

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Ancient Crete

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	==Ancient Crete==		==Ancient Crete==
	[[Image:(Kato Symi) -660c Cretan hunters (Louvre Br93) 512x1024.jpg\|thumb\|left\|Man and youth. Cretan ex-voto from Hermes and Aphrodite shrine at Kato Syme; Bronze, c. 670-650 BC]]		[[Image:(Kato Symi) -660c Cretan hunters (Louvre Br93) 512x1024.jpg\|thumb\|left\|200px\|Man and youth. Cretan ex-voto from Hermes and Aphrodite shrine at Kato Syme; Bronze, c. 670-650 BC]]
	:''Main articles: [[Ancient Crete]]''		:''Main articles: [[Ancient Crete]]''
	'''Cretan boylove''' was an archaic form of [[pederasty]]<ref>[[Ephorus\|Ephorus of Cyme]] in [[Strabo]]'s ''Geography'' 10.21.4</ref> that involved the ritual kidnapping (''harpagmos'') of a noble boy by an adult male of the aristocratic class, with the consent of the boy's father.		'''Cretan boylove''' was an archaic form of [[pederasty]]<ref>[[Ephorus\|Ephorus of Cyme]] in [[Strabo]]'s ''Geography'' 10.21.4</ref> that involved the ritual kidnapping (''harpagmos'') of a noble boy by an adult male of the aristocratic class, with the consent of the boy's father.

Etenne: /* The Greeks */

2015-05-06T17:41:26Z

The Greeks

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	==The Greeks==		==The Greeks==
	[[Image:EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c Ganymede pouring Zeus a libation (MET L.1999.10.14) 1214x1252.jpg\|thumb\|~~300px~~\|left\|EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c <br>[[Ganymede\|Zeus and Ganymede]]]]		[[Image:EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c Ganymede pouring Zeus a libation (MET L.1999.10.14) 1214x1252.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|left\|EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c <br>[[Ganymede\|Zeus and Ganymede]]]]
	:''Main articles: [[Ancient Greece]]''		:''Main articles: [[Ancient Greece]]''

Etenne at 17:37, 6 May 2015

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			{{History}}
	In antiquity, boylove was seen as an educational institution for teaching moral and cultural values in some cultures,<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pederasty Article adapted from Wikipedia]</ref><ref>{{cite book \|title= The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World\|last= Freeman\|first= Charles\|authorlink= \|coauthors= \|year= 1999\|publisher= Allen Lane\|location= \|isbn= 0-7139-9224-7\|page= \|pages= 299–300\|url= }}</ref> as well as a form of sexual expression, entered history from the Archaic period onwards in [[Ancient Greece]], though [[Ancient Crete\|Cretan ritual objects]] reflecting an already formalized practice date to the late [[Minoan civilization]], around 1650 BC.<ref>Bruce L. Gerig, "Homosexuality in the Ancient Near East, beyond Egypt", in ''HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE BIBLE,'' Supplement 11A, 2005</ref> According to Plato, who was not a boylover and not the best source,<ref>Plato, ''Phaedrus''; passim</ref> in [[ancient Greece]], boylove was a relationship and bond – whether sexual or chaste – between an adolescent boy and an adult man outside of his immediate family. While most Greek men engaged in relations with both women and boys,<ref>J.K. Dover, ''Greek Homosexuality''; passim</ref> exceptions to the rule were known, some avoiding relations with women, and others rejecting relations with boys. In [[Ancient Rome\|Rome]], relations with boys took a more informal and less civic path, men of dominant social status attracting young lovers who were social inferiors seeking to advance their position, or carrying on illicit relationships with freeborn boys.<ref>Crompton, op.cit., pp.79-82</ref>		In antiquity, boylove was seen as an educational institution for teaching moral and cultural values in some cultures,<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pederasty Article adapted from Wikipedia]</ref><ref>{{cite book \|title= The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World\|last= Freeman\|first= Charles\|authorlink= \|coauthors= \|year= 1999\|publisher= Allen Lane\|location= \|isbn= 0-7139-9224-7\|page= \|pages= 299–300\|url= }}</ref> as well as a form of sexual expression, entered history from the Archaic period onwards in [[Ancient Greece]], though [[Ancient Crete\|Cretan ritual objects]] reflecting an already formalized practice date to the late [[Minoan civilization]], around 1650 BC.<ref>Bruce L. Gerig, "Homosexuality in the Ancient Near East, beyond Egypt", in ''HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE BIBLE,'' Supplement 11A, 2005</ref> According to Plato, who was not a boylover and not the best source,<ref>Plato, ''Phaedrus''; passim</ref> in [[ancient Greece]], boylove was a relationship and bond – whether sexual or chaste – between an adolescent boy and an adult man outside of his immediate family. While most Greek men engaged in relations with both women and boys,<ref>J.K. Dover, ''Greek Homosexuality''; passim</ref> exceptions to the rule were known, some avoiding relations with women, and others rejecting relations with boys. In [[Ancient Rome\|Rome]], relations with boys took a more informal and less civic path, men of dominant social status attracting young lovers who were social inferiors seeking to advance their position, or carrying on illicit relationships with freeborn boys.<ref>Crompton, op.cit., pp.79-82</ref>

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	==The Greeks==		==The Greeks==
	[[Image:EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c Ganymede pouring Zeus a libation (MET L.1999.10.14) 1214x1252.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c <br>[[Ganymede\|Zeus and Ganymede]]]]		[[Image:EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c Ganymede pouring Zeus a libation (MET L.1999.10.14) 1214x1252.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|left\|EUCHARIDES PAINTER -485c <br>[[Ganymede\|Zeus and Ganymede]]]]
	:''Main articles: [[Ancient Greece]]''		:''Main articles: [[Ancient Greece]]''

Etenne at 15:30, 12 March 2015

2015-03-12T15:30:59Z

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	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

	~~[[Category:Encyclopedia]]~~
	[[Category:Boylove in antiquity]]		[[Category:Boylove in antiquity]]

Etenne at 16:34, 8 March 2015

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← Older revision		Revision as of 16:34, 8 March 2015
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	In antiquity, boylove was seen as an educational institution for teaching moral and cultural values in some cultures,<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pederasty Article adapted from Wikipedia]</ref><ref>{{cite book \|title= The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World\|last= Freeman\|first= Charles\|authorlink= \|coauthors= \|year= 1999\|publisher= Allen Lane\|location= \|isbn= 0-7139-9224-7\|page= \|pages= 299–300\|url= }}</ref> as well as a form of sexual expression, entered history from the Archaic period onwards in [[Ancient Greece]], though [[Ancient Crete\|Cretan ritual objects]] reflecting an already formalized practice date to the late [[Minoan civilization]], around 1650 BC.<ref>Bruce L. Gerig, "Homosexuality in the Ancient Near East, beyond Egypt", in ''HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE BIBLE,'' Supplement 11A, 2005</ref> According to Plato, who was not a boylover and not the best source,<ref>Plato, ''Phaedrus''; passim</ref> in [[ancient Greece]], boylove was a relationship and bond – whether sexual or chaste – between an adolescent boy and an adult man outside of his immediate family. While most Greek men engaged in relations with both women and boys,<ref>J.K. Dover, ''Greek Homosexuality''; passim</ref> exceptions to the rule were known, some avoiding relations with women, and others rejecting relations with boys. In [[Ancient Rome\|Rome]], relations with boys took a more informal and less civic path, men of dominant social status attracting young lovers who were social inferiors seeking to advance their position, or carrying on illicit relationships with freeborn boys.<ref>Crompton, op.cit., pp.79-82</ref>		In antiquity, boylove was seen as an educational institution for teaching moral and cultural values in some cultures,<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pederasty Article adapted from Wikipedia]</ref><ref>{{cite book \|title= The Greek Achievement: The Foundation of the Western World\|last= Freeman\|first= Charles\|authorlink= \|coauthors= \|year= 1999\|publisher= Allen Lane\|location= \|isbn= 0-7139-9224-7\|page= \|pages= 299–300\|url= }}</ref> as well as a form of sexual expression, entered history from the Archaic period onwards in [[Ancient Greece]], though [[Ancient Crete\|Cretan ritual objects]] reflecting an already formalized practice date to the late [[Minoan civilization]], around 1650 BC.<ref>Bruce L. Gerig, "Homosexuality in the Ancient Near East, beyond Egypt", in ''HOMOSEXUALITY AND THE BIBLE,'' Supplement 11A, 2005</ref> According to Plato, who was not a boylover and not the best source,<ref>Plato, ''Phaedrus''; passim</ref> in [[ancient Greece]], boylove was a relationship and bond – whether sexual or chaste – between an adolescent boy and an adult man outside of his immediate family. While most Greek men engaged in relations with both women and boys,<ref>J.K. Dover, ''Greek Homosexuality''; passim</ref> exceptions to the rule were known, some avoiding relations with women, and others rejecting relations with boys. In [[Ancient Rome\|Rome]], relations with boys took a more informal and less civic path, men of dominant social status attracting young lovers who were social inferiors seeking to advance their position, or carrying on illicit relationships with freeborn boys.<ref>Crompton, op.cit., pp.79-82</ref>

	Analogous relations were documented among other ancient peoples, such as the [[Thrace\|Thracians]],<ref>[[Ovid]], ''Metamorphoses,'' 10.67-85</ref> and the [[Celts]]. According to Plutarch, the ancient [[Persian Empire\|Persians]], too, had long practiced it, an opinion seconded by Sextus Empiricus who asserted that the laws of the Persians "recommended" the practice.<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/eresources/exhibitions/sw25/bentham/index.html#01 Jeremy Bentham, ''Offences Against One's Self'' ''Journal of Homosexuality,'' v.3:4(1978), p.389-405; continued in v.4:1(1978)]</ref> Herodotus, however, asserts they learned copulation with boys ''(παισὶ μίσγονται)'' from the Greeks,<ref>Herodotus, ''Histories,'' I.135</ref> by the use of that term reducing their practice to what [[John Addington Symonds]] describes as the "vicious form" of [[pederasty]],<ref>J. A. Symonds, ''A Problem in Greek Ethics;'' V.</ref> as opposed to the more restrained and cultured one valued by the Greeks. Plutarch, however, counters Herodotus by pointing out that the Persians had adored eunuch boys long before being exposed to the mores of the Greeks.<ref>Plutarch, ''On the Malice of Herodotus;''13</ref>		Analogous relations were documented among other ancient peoples, such as the [[Thrace\|Thracians]],<ref>[[Ovid]], ''Metamorphoses,'' 10.67-85</ref> and the [[Celts]]. According to Plutarch, the ancient [[Persian Empire\|Persians]], too, had long practiced it, an opinion seconded by Sextus Empiricus who asserted that the laws of the Persians "recommended" the practice.<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/eresources/exhibitions/sw25/bentham/index.html#01 Jeremy Bentham, ''Offences Against One's Self'' ''Journal of Homosexuality,'' v.3:4(1978), p.389-405; continued in v.4:1(1978)]</ref> Herodotus, however, asserts they learned copulation with boys ''(παισὶ μίσγονται)'' from the Greeks,<ref>Herodotus, ''Histories,'' I.135</ref> by the use of that term reducing their practice to what [[John Addington Symonds]] describes as the "vicious form" of [[pederasty]],<ref>J. A. Symonds, ''[[A Problem in Greek Ethics]];'' V.</ref> as opposed to the more restrained and cultured one valued by the Greeks. Plutarch, however, counters Herodotus by pointing out that the Persians had adored eunuch boys long before being exposed to the mores of the Greeks.<ref>Plutarch, ''On the Malice of Herodotus;''13</ref>

User4 at 08:14, 4 March 2015

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	Boylove was also prominent in Pre-Columbian era America among the Mayans, Kodiak, and other native American groups.		Boylove was also prominent in Pre-Columbian era America among the Mayans, Kodiak, and other native American groups.

			==See also==
			[[A Problem in Greek Ethics]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

			[[Category:Encyclopedia]]
	[[Category:Boylove in antiquity]]		[[Category:Boylove in antiquity]]

Etenne: /* The Romans */

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The Romans

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	==The Romans==		==The Romans==
	~~[[Image:Warren Cup Scene B 20thCentury london British Museum.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|[[Warren Cup]] c.1st century AD]]~~
	:''Main articles: [[:Category:Ancient Rome\|Ancient Rome]]''		:''Main articles: [[:Category:Ancient Rome\|Ancient Rome]]''

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	Other writers spent no effort censuring pederasty ''per se'', but praised or blamed its various aspects. Martial appears to have favored it, going as far as to essentialize not the sexual use of the [[catamite]] but his nature as a boy: upon being discovered by his wife "inside a boy" and offered the "same thing" by her, he retorts with a list of mythological personages who, despite being married, took young male lovers, and concludes by rejecting her offer since "a woman merely has two vaginas."<ref>Martial, ''Epigrams,'' XI.43</ref>		Other writers spent no effort censuring pederasty ''per se'', but praised or blamed its various aspects. Martial appears to have favored it, going as far as to essentialize not the sexual use of the [[catamite]] but his nature as a boy: upon being discovered by his wife "inside a boy" and offered the "same thing" by her, he retorts with a list of mythological personages who, despite being married, took young male lovers, and concludes by rejecting her offer since "a woman merely has two vaginas."<ref>Martial, ''Epigrams,'' XI.43</ref>
	{{clr}}		{{clr}}

	==Other civilizations==		==Other civilizations==

Etenne: /* The Greeks */

2013-11-17T14:04:59Z

The Greeks

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	The pederastic relationship had to be approved by the boy's father. Boys entered into such relationships in their teens, around the same age that Greek girls were given in marriage. The mentor was expected to teach the young man or to see to his education, and to give him certain appropriate [[Trochus/Hoop\|ceremonial gifts]].		The pederastic relationship had to be approved by the boy's father. Boys entered into such relationships in their teens, around the same age that Greek girls were given in marriage. The mentor was expected to teach the young man or to see to his education, and to give him certain appropriate [[Trochus/Hoop\|ceremonial gifts]].

	The physical dimension ranged from fully chaste to sexual intercourse. Pederastic art shows seduction scenes as well as sexual relations. In the seduction scenes the man is standing, grasping the boy's chin with one hand and reaching to fondle his genitals with the other. In the sexual scenes, the partners stand embracing face to face, the older of the two engaged in [[intercrural sex]] with the younger, who (usually but not always) does not show arousal. Anal sex is almost never shown, and then only as something eliciting surprise in the observers. The practice was ostensibly disparaged, the Athenians often naming it jocularly after their Dorian neighbors ("cretanize," "laconize," "chalcidize"). While revisionist historians such as Dover and Halperin hold that only the man experienced pleasure, art and poetry indicating no reciprocation of desire, other historians assert that it is "a modern fairy tale to say that the younger eromenos was never aroused."<ref>[http://www.livius.org/ho-hz/homosexuality/homosexuality.html ''Greek homosexuality'', Hein van Dolen]</ref>		The physical dimension ranged from fully chaste to sexual intercourse. Pederastic art shows seduction scenes as well as sexual relations. In the seduction scenes the man is standing, grasping the boy's chin with one hand and reaching to fondle his genitals with the other. In the sexual scenes, the partners stand embracing face to face, the older of the two engaged in [[intercrural sex]] with the younger, who (usually but not always) does not show arousal. Anal sex is almost never shown, and then only as something eliciting surprise in the observers. The practice was ostensibly disparaged, the Athenians often naming it jocularly after their Dorian neighbors ("cretanize," "laconize," "chalcidize"). While revisionist historians such as Dover and Halperin hold that only the man experienced pleasure, art and poetry indicating no reciprocation of desire, other historians assert that it is "a modern fairy tale to say that the younger [[eromenos]] was never aroused."<ref>[http://www.livius.org/ho-hz/homosexuality/homosexuality.html ''Greek homosexuality'', Hein van Dolen]</ref>

	Pederastic couples were also said to be feared by tyrants, because the bond between the friends was stronger than that of obedience to a tyrannical ruler. Plutarch gives as examples the Athenians [[Harmodius and Aristogeiton]]. Others, such as Aristotle, claimed that the Cretan lawgivers encouraged pederasty as a means of population control, by directing love and sexual desire into relations with males.<ref>Aristotle, ''Politics'' 2.1272a 22-24 "and the lawgiver has devised many wise measures to secure the benefit of moderation at table, and the segregation of the women in order that they may not bear many children, for which purpose he instituted association with the male sex."</ref>		Pederastic couples were also said to be feared by tyrants, because the bond between the friends was stronger than that of obedience to a tyrannical ruler. Plutarch gives as examples the Athenians [[Harmodius and Aristogeiton]]. Others, such as Aristotle, claimed that the Cretan lawgivers encouraged pederasty as a means of population control, by directing love and sexual desire into relations with males.<ref>Aristotle, ''Politics'' 2.1272a 22-24 "and the lawgiver has devised many wise measures to secure the benefit of moderation at table, and the segregation of the women in order that they may not bear many children, for which purpose he instituted association with the male sex."</ref>

Etenne at 13:57, 17 November 2013

2013-11-17T13:57:42Z

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	==Ancient Crete==		==Ancient Crete==
	[[Image:~~300px~~-Cretan hunters Louvre Br93.jpg\|thumb\|left\|Man and youth. Cretan ex-voto from Hermes and Aphrodite shrine at Kato Syme; Bronze, c. 670-650 BC]]		[[Image:(Kato Symi) -660c Cretan hunters (Louvre Br93) 512x1024.jpg\|thumb\|left\|Man and youth. Cretan ex-voto from Hermes and Aphrodite shrine at Kato Syme; Bronze, c. 670-650 BC]]
	:''Main articles: [[Ancient Crete]]''		:''Main articles: [[Ancient Crete]]''
	'''Cretan boylove''' was an archaic form of [[pederasty]]<ref>[[Ephorus\|Ephorus of Cyme]] in [[Strabo]]'s ''Geography'' 10.21.4</ref> that involved the ritual kidnapping (''harpagmos'') of a noble boy by an adult male of the aristocratic class, with the consent of the boy's father.		'''Cretan boylove''' was an archaic form of [[pederasty]]<ref>[[Ephorus\|Ephorus of Cyme]] in [[Strabo]]'s ''Geography'' 10.21.4</ref> that involved the ritual kidnapping (''harpagmos'') of a noble boy by an adult male of the aristocratic class, with the consent of the boy's father.