Halos at 21:12, 4 May 2021

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	~~{{research}}~~
	<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>		<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>
	The discourse on child pornography is dominated by law enforcement agencies, child charities and others who have an interest in exaggerating its extent and impact. As this page will show, claims about child pornography in the popular media rarely bear academic scrutiny.		The discourse on child pornography is dominated by law enforcement agencies, child charities and others who have an interest in exaggerating its extent and impact. As this page will show, claims about child pornography in the popular media rarely bear academic scrutiny.

Halos at 21:10, 4 May 2021

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	==The Nature of Child Pornography==		==The Nature of Child Pornography==

	*'''Schuijer, Jan and Rossen, Benjamin (1992). "[http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume4/j4_2_1.htm The Trade in Child Pornography]," ''[[Issues in Child Abuse Accusations]]'', 4(4).'''		*'''Schuijer, Jan and Rossen, Benjamin (1992). "[http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume4/j4_2_1.htm The Trade in Child Pornography]," ''Issues in Child Abuse Accusations'', 4(4).'''
	*:"We have called the claims about child pornography "myths." The existence of child pornography is certainly not. The myths are the exaggerated estimates of the number of children, the volume and value of the trade, the profits that are alleged to have been made, and the horrifying damage said to have been done to the children."		*:"We have called the claims about child pornography "myths." The existence of child pornography is certainly not. The myths are the exaggerated estimates of the number of children, the volume and value of the trade, the profits that are alleged to have been made, and the horrifying damage said to have been done to the children."

Halos at 21:07, 4 May 2021

2021-05-04T21:07:02Z

Halos at 06:48, 4 May 2021

2021-05-04T06:48:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:48, 4 May 2021
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			{{research}}
	<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>		<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div>
	The discourse on child pornography is dominated by law enforcement agencies, child charities and others who have an interest in exaggerating its extent and impact. As this page will show, claims about child pornography in the popular media rarely bear academic scrutiny.		The discourse on child pornography is dominated by law enforcement agencies, child charities and others who have an interest in exaggerating its extent and impact. As this page will show, claims about child pornography in the popular media rarely bear academic scrutiny.

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The discourse on child pornography is dominated by law enforcement agencies, child charities and others who have an..."

2021-05-04T05:53:07Z

Created page with "<div style="margin-left: 25px; float: right;">__TOC__</div> The discourse on child pornography is dominated by law enforcement agencies, child charities and others who have an..."

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← Older revision		Revision as of 21:07, 4 May 2021
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	[[Image:Denmark.png\|left\|thumb\|Sex crimes dropped markedly in Denmark following porn legalization.[http://www.scireview.de/pj/sexualverbrechen.html]]]		[[Image:Denmark.png\|left\|thumb\|Sex crimes dropped markedly in Denmark following porn legalization.[http://www.scireview.de/pj/sexualverbrechen.html]]]
	*'''[[~~Thomas O~~'Carroll\|O'Carroll, Tom]] (2000). "[http://www.ipce.info/library_3/files/tomoc/sexpriv_backgr_text.htm Sexual Privacy for Paedophiles and Children: A Complementary Background Paper.]"'''		*'''[[Tom_O'Carroll\|O'Carroll, Tom]] (2000). "[http://www.ipce.info/library_3/files/tomoc/sexpriv_backgr_text.htm Sexual Privacy for Paedophiles and Children: A Complementary Background Paper.]"'''
	*:"Such an effect has been proposed in relation to Denmark during the few years when child pornography was openly and legally available: in that period sex offences against children were significantly lower than either before or after. (5) A similar phenomenon occurred during a period of liberalisation in West Germany, where from 1972 to 1980 the total number of sex crimes known to the police in the Federal Republic of Germany decreased by 11%. (6) Sharpe himself, whose possession of pornography was in contention, made the astute point in an interview that if child pornography led to sexual assaults, then there would have been a huge increase in assaults as a result of the allegedly much greater availability of child porn on the Internet. (7)"		*:"Such an effect has been proposed in relation to Denmark during the few years when child pornography was openly and legally available: in that period sex offences against children were significantly lower than either before or after. (5) A similar phenomenon occurred during a period of liberalisation in West Germany, where from 1972 to 1980 the total number of sex crimes known to the police in the Federal Republic of Germany decreased by 11%. (6) Sharpe himself, whose possession of pornography was in contention, made the astute point in an interview that if child pornography led to sexual assaults, then there would have been a huge increase in assaults as a result of the allegedly much greater availability of child porn on the Internet. (7)"

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	*:"Internet offenders may have less need to contact offend since they can generate fantasy more easily. The contact [offending] group may be unable to generate fantasies at all or may have weak and short-lived fantasies. Sex offenders are often described as concrete and/or unimaginative (Langevin, Lang, & Curnoe, 1998), and it is possible that contact child molesters do not have frequent or vivid fantasies and require activity with a child in order to generate later masturbatory thoughts. [...] Contact offenders seem to have less sexual fantasy pertinent to their offending than did Internet offenders. Fantasy deficit may be involved in contact offending against children."		*:"Internet offenders may have less need to contact offend since they can generate fantasy more easily. The contact [offending] group may be unable to generate fantasies at all or may have weak and short-lived fantasies. Sex offenders are often described as concrete and/or unimaginative (Langevin, Lang, & Curnoe, 1998), and it is possible that contact child molesters do not have frequent or vivid fantasies and require activity with a child in order to generate later masturbatory thoughts. [...] Contact offenders seem to have less sexual fantasy pertinent to their offending than did Internet offenders. Fantasy deficit may be involved in contact offending against children."

	*'''[http://www.cyber-rights.org/reports/rvsharpe.htm Decision] in [[R v. Sharpe]] by Justice Duncan Shaw in the Supreme Court of British Columbia'''		*'''[http://www.cyber-rights.org/reports/rvsharpe.htm Decision] in [[R vs Sharpe]] by Justice Duncan Shaw in the Supreme Court of British Columbia'''
	*:"There is no evidence which demonstrates any significant increase of danger to children related to the confirmation or augmentation of cognitive distortions caused by pornography. There is no evidence that "mildly erotic" images are used in the "grooming process." Only assumption supports the proposition that materials that advocate or counsel sexual crimes with children have the effect of increasing the occurrence of such crimes. Sexually explicit pornography is used by some pedophiles to relieve pent-up sexual tension. A person who is prone to act on his fantasies will likely do so irrespective of the availability of pornography. There is no evidence that the production of child pornography will be significantly reduced if simple possession is a made a crime."		*:"There is no evidence which demonstrates any significant increase of danger to children related to the confirmation or augmentation of cognitive distortions caused by pornography. There is no evidence that "mildly erotic" images are used in the "grooming process." Only assumption supports the proposition that materials that advocate or counsel sexual crimes with children have the effect of increasing the occurrence of such crimes. Sexually explicit pornography is used by some pedophiles to relieve pent-up sexual tension. A person who is prone to act on his fantasies will likely do so irrespective of the availability of pornography. There is no evidence that the production of child pornography will be significantly reduced if simple possession is a made a crime."

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	==The Nature of Child Pornography==		==The Nature of Child Pornography==

	*'''~~[[Jan Schuijer\|~~Schuijer, Jan]] and Rossen, Benjamin (1992). "[http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume4/j4_2_1.htm The Trade in Child Pornography]," ''[[Issues in Child Abuse Accusations]]'', 4(4).'''		*'''Schuijer, Jan and Rossen, Benjamin (1992). "[http://www.ipt-forensics.com/journal/volume4/j4_2_1.htm The Trade in Child Pornography]," ''[[Issues in Child Abuse Accusations]]'', 4(4).'''
	*:"We have called the claims about child pornography "myths." The existence of child pornography is certainly not. The myths are the exaggerated estimates of the number of children, the volume and value of the trade, the profits that are alleged to have been made, and the horrifying damage said to have been done to the children."		*:"We have called the claims about child pornography "myths." The existence of child pornography is certainly not. The myths are the exaggerated estimates of the number of children, the volume and value of the trade, the profits that are alleged to have been made, and the horrifying damage said to have been done to the children."

	:*'''[[~~Thomas O~~'Carroll\|O'Carroll, Tom]] (2000). "[http://www.ipce.info/library_3/files/tomoc/sexpriv_backgr_text.htm Sexual Privacy for Paedophiles and Children: A Complementary Background Paper]."'''		:*'''[[Tom_O'Carroll\|O'Carroll, Tom]] (2000). "[http://www.ipce.info/library_3/files/tomoc/sexpriv_backgr_text.htm Sexual Privacy for Paedophiles and Children: A Complementary Background Paper]."'''
	:::"A survey of images in commercial child porn magazines that were available in the 1970s and early 80s by Schuijer and Rossen shows that only 14% depicted children engaged in sexual conduct with adults. Most of the material, 61%, showed children either nude at play or posing erotically. (8)"		:::"A survey of images in commercial child porn magazines that were available in the 1970s and early 80s by Schuijer and Rossen shows that only 14% depicted children engaged in sexual conduct with adults. Most of the material, 61%, showed children either nude at play or posing erotically. (8)"

	*'''~~[[Robert Bauserman\|~~Bauserman, Robert]] (2003). [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Child+pornography+online%3A+myth,+fact,+and+social+control.-a0105518224 "Child pornography online: myth, fact, and social control"], ''Journal of Sex Research'', 40(2).'''		*'''Bauserman, Robert (2003). [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Child+pornography+online%3A+myth,+fact,+and+social+control.-a0105518224 "Child pornography online: myth, fact, and social control"], ''Journal of Sex Research'', 40(2).'''
	*:"Most of the CP images themselves appear to involve adolescents or children posing nude, which is not illegal in most Western countries. However, some hard-core images of adolescent and prepubescent children having sex with each other and with adults are available. While some appear to be recycled from 1970s magazines and films, other images seem to be "sex tourist" images created by men visiting Asian or Latin American countries in search of less risky sexual access to minors. Jenkins offers no estimate of the number of minors who currently appear in CP, but fortunately they seem to number far fewer than the tens or hundreds of thousands of children (defined to include adolescents) often claimed."		*:"Most of the CP images themselves appear to involve adolescents or children posing nude, which is not illegal in most Western countries. However, some hard-core images of adolescent and prepubescent children having sex with each other and with adults are available. While some appear to be recycled from 1970s magazines and films, other images seem to be "sex tourist" images created by men visiting Asian or Latin American countries in search of less risky sexual access to minors. Jenkins offers no estimate of the number of minors who currently appear in CP, but fortunately they seem to number far fewer than the tens or hundreds of thousands of children (defined to include adolescents) often claimed."

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	===Child pornography subcultures===		===Child pornography subcultures===

	*'''~~[[Robert Bauserman\|~~Bauserman, Robert]] (2003). [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Child+pornography+online%3A+myth,+fact,+and+social+control.-a0105518224 "Child pornography online: myth, fact, and social control"], ''Journal of Sex Research'', 40(2).'''		*'''Bauserman, Robert (2003). [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Child+pornography+online%3A+myth,+fact,+and+social+control.-a0105518224 "Child pornography online: myth, fact, and social control"], ''Journal of Sex Research'', 40(2).'''

	::"Also of interest is Jenkins' finding that, like many other deviant groups (e.g., organized crime), the CP subculture does not represent a total break with conventional morality. This claim may be surprising, given the extent to which sexual interest in children or adolescents is socially and legally condemned. However, studies of deviant groups show that members may express mainstream or even conservative values on social and political issues, and share widely accepted goals such as material success. While subscribing to mainstream values, group members seek to rationalize or "neutralize" the illegal and socially condemned aspects of their behavior. Jenkins notes the use of techniques such as denial of victimization (the adolescent or child is said to be consenting), denial of harm, and condemnation of the condemners (e.g., as hypocrites). Users also self-label with nonderogatory terms such as "pedo" or "loli-lover." Reports of truly sadistic and violent crimes against children (such as the Dutroux case in Belgium, in which an offender kidnapped, raped, and killed young girls) are met with expressions of disgust and anger and claims that "true loli-lovers" are interested in mutual pleasure, not violence. Jenkins considers such statements genuine expressions of feeling, not a public front, because of the private nature of the bulletin board forums."		::"Also of interest is Jenkins' finding that, like many other deviant groups (e.g., organized crime), the CP subculture does not represent a total break with conventional morality. This claim may be surprising, given the extent to which sexual interest in children or adolescents is socially and legally condemned. However, studies of deviant groups show that members may express mainstream or even conservative values on social and political issues, and share widely accepted goals such as material success. While subscribing to mainstream values, group members seek to rationalize or "neutralize" the illegal and socially condemned aspects of their behavior. Jenkins notes the use of techniques such as denial of victimization (the adolescent or child is said to be consenting), denial of harm, and condemnation of the condemners (e.g., as hypocrites). Users also self-label with nonderogatory terms such as "pedo" or "loli-lover." Reports of truly sadistic and violent crimes against children (such as the Dutroux case in Belgium, in which an offender kidnapped, raped, and killed young girls) are met with expressions of disgust and anger and claims that "true loli-lovers" are interested in mutual pleasure, not violence. Jenkins considers such statements genuine expressions of feeling, not a public front, because of the private nature of the bulletin board forums."
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	**:I told Alexander Seger, who worked on the Council of Europe reports, that the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Unicef, both cited in Council reports, said they weren't the source for the $20 billion figure. He said the Council won't use the number in the future, and added in an email, "I think we have what I would call a case of information laundering: You state a figure on something, somebody else quotes it, and then you and others [quote] it back, and thus it becomes clean and true. ... Perhaps this discussion will help instill more rigor in the future.""		**:I told Alexander Seger, who worked on the Council of Europe reports, that the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Unicef, both cited in Council reports, said they weren't the source for the $20 billion figure. He said the Council won't use the number in the future, and added in an email, "I think we have what I would call a case of information laundering: You state a figure on something, somebody else quotes it, and then you and others [quote] it back, and thus it becomes clean and true. ... Perhaps this discussion will help instill more rigor in the future.""

	*'''[[~~Thomas O~~'Carroll\|O'Carroll, Tom]] (2000). "[http://www.ipce.info/library_3/files/tomoc/sexual_privacy.htm Sexual Privacy for Paedophiles and Children: A Complementary Background Paper.]"'''		*'''[[Tom_O'Carroll\|O'Carroll, Tom]] (2000). "[http://www.ipce.info/library_3/files/tomoc/sexual_privacy.htm Sexual Privacy for Paedophiles and Children: A Complementary Background Paper.]"'''
	*:"The production of such pictures is vanishingly rare, however, and there is no shortage of criminal law to deal with any perpetrators who are caught. Even in such cases, though, we would be hard put to blame the private viewer of such material for creating a market in it. There is no means, no even on the Internet, to buy and sell such material. Illegal images may be posted, but this will invariably be done anonymously or with a phoney "from" address – for obvious reasons. This means that it is impossible to make money on these activities. From time to time someone may naively hope do so, lured by claims in the media that it is a profitable business. These commercial attempts have always been stopped very quickly: If the potential customers can find the producer then so can the police. The notion that there is a vast child porn industry, organised by some ruthless mafia, is simply a myth."		*:"The production of such pictures is vanishingly rare, however, and there is no shortage of criminal law to deal with any perpetrators who are caught. Even in such cases, though, we would be hard put to blame the private viewer of such material for creating a market in it. There is no means, no even on the Internet, to buy and sell such material. Illegal images may be posted, but this will invariably be done anonymously or with a phoney "from" address – for obvious reasons. This means that it is impossible to make money on these activities. From time to time someone may naively hope do so, lured by claims in the media that it is a profitable business. These commercial attempts have always been stopped very quickly: If the potential customers can find the producer then so can the police. The notion that there is a vast child porn industry, organised by some ruthless mafia, is simply a myth."

Research: Child Pornography - Revision history

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The discourse on child pornography is dominated by law enforcement agencies, child charities and others who have an..."