Spartan pederasty - Revision history

Etenne at 22:51, 2 July 2022

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	{{Navbox Pederasty\|collapsed}}		{{Navbox Pederasty\|collapsed}}
			{{Navbox Ancient Greece}}
	[[Category:Ancient Greece]]		[[Category:Ancient Greece]]

Dandelion: /* See also */

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Etenne: /* External links */

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External links

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	*[[Philosophy of Greek pederasty]]		*[[Philosophy of Greek pederasty]]

	~~== External links ==~~		{{Navbox Pederasty\|collapsed}}

	[[Category:Ancient Greece]]		[[Category:Ancient Greece]]

Etenne: /* See also */

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Etenne at 16:38, 6 May 2015

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	[[Image:DOURIS -480c Zephyr and Hyacinth (Boston 95.31) 851x1130.jpg\|thumb\|~~150px~~\|[[Zephyrus]] and [[Hyacinth (mythology)\|Hyacinthus]], the latter was a patron hero of pederasty in Sparta. Attic red-figure cup from Tarquinia, c. 490-480 BCE.]]		[[Image:DOURIS -480c Zephyr and Hyacinth (Boston 95.31) 851x1130.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|[[Zephyrus]] and [[Hyacinth (mythology)\|Hyacinthus]], the latter was a patron hero of pederasty in Sparta. Attic red-figure cup from Tarquinia, c. 490-480 BCE.]]

	'''Spartan pederasty''', the traditional intimate and pedagogic friendship between a man and an adolescent boy, a custom held in common with other [[Dorians\|Dorian]] tribes, is thought to have either been introduced at the time of the Dorian invasion, around 1200 B.C., or to have been instituted in the seventh century B.C. in emulation of that in [[Crete]], which had evolved in response to population pressure. [[Sparta]] is thought to be the first city to practice athletic nudity, which evolved in parallel with formal [[pederasty\|pederastic]] practices.<ref>Thomas F. Scanlon, "The Dispersion of Pederasty and the Athletic Revolution in Sixth-Century BC Greece," in ''Same-Sex Desire and Love in Greco-Roman Antiquity and in the Classical Tradition of the West,'' ed. B. C. Verstraete and V. Provencal, Harrington Park Press, 2005, pp.64-70</ref>		'''Spartan pederasty''', the traditional intimate and pedagogic friendship between a man and an adolescent boy, a custom held in common with other [[Dorians\|Dorian]] tribes, is thought to have either been introduced at the time of the Dorian invasion, around 1200 B.C., or to have been instituted in the seventh century B.C. in emulation of that in [[Crete]], which had evolved in response to population pressure. [[Sparta]] is thought to be the first city to practice athletic nudity, which evolved in parallel with formal [[pederasty\|pederastic]] practices.<ref>Thomas F. Scanlon, "The Dispersion of Pederasty and the Athletic Revolution in Sixth-Century BC Greece," in ''Same-Sex Desire and Love in Greco-Roman Antiquity and in the Classical Tradition of the West,'' ed. B. C. Verstraete and V. Provencal, Harrington Park Press, 2005, pp.64-70</ref>

Etenne at 16:37, 6 May 2015

2015-05-06T16:37:05Z

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	<BR>		<BR>
	==Structure==		==Structure==
			{{History}}
	The [[Sparta]]ns believed that the love of an older, accomplished aristocrat for an adolescent boy was essential to his formation as a free citizen. The education of the ruling class was thus founded on pederastic relationships, required of each citizen.<ref>Erich Bethe,''Die dorische Knabenliebe: ihre Ethik und ihre Idee,'' 1907, 441, 444</ref> The [[ephors]] fined any eligible man who did not love a boy, because, despite his own excellence, he failed to make a beloved “similar to himself.”<ref name="Aelian, Var. Hist., III.10">Aelian, ''Var. Hist.,'' III.10</ref> Likewise, for a boy it was a disgrace to not find a lover,<ref>Cicero, ''De Rep.,'' iv. 3</ref>. By the time they reached the age of twelve "there was not any of the more hopeful boys who did not have a lover to bear him company."<ref name="Plutarch, Lives, Lycurgus">Plutarch, ''Lives,'' "Lycurgus"</ref>		The [[Sparta]]ns believed that the love of an older, accomplished aristocrat for an adolescent boy was essential to his formation as a free citizen. The education of the ruling class was thus founded on pederastic relationships, required of each citizen.<ref>Erich Bethe,''Die dorische Knabenliebe: ihre Ethik und ihre Idee,'' 1907, 441, 444</ref> The [[ephors]] fined any eligible man who did not love a boy, because, despite his own excellence, he failed to make a beloved “similar to himself.”<ref name="Aelian, Var. Hist., III.10">Aelian, ''Var. Hist.,'' III.10</ref> Likewise, for a boy it was a disgrace to not find a lover,<ref>Cicero, ''De Rep.,'' iv. 3</ref>. By the time they reached the age of twelve "there was not any of the more hopeful boys who did not have a lover to bear him company."<ref name="Plutarch, Lives, Lycurgus">Plutarch, ''Lives,'' "Lycurgus"</ref>

Etenne: /* Erotic aspects */

2015-04-08T15:08:09Z

Erotic aspects

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	==Erotic aspects==		==Erotic aspects==
	~~[[File:Tomb of the Diver symposium.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|<center>''[[Erastes]]'' and ''[[eromenos]]'' in a [[symposium]] scene from the Tomb of the Diver in Paestum (North wall - detail)</center>]]~~
	Though [[Plato]] in his ''Laws'' implies otherwise in asserting that the Spartan custom of males taking sexual pleasure with other males was ''''παρά φύσιν'''' "beyond nature"<ref>Plato, ''Laws,'' 636b </ref>, many ancient writers held that Spartan pederasty was chaste, though still erotic. [[Lycurgus (Sparta)\|Lycurgus]] decreed that if someone, being himself an honest man, admired a boy's soul and tried to make of him an ideal friend without reproach and to associate with him, he approved, and believed in the excellence of this kind of training. But if it were clear the attraction lay in the boy's bodily beauty, he banned the connection as an abomination; and thus he mandated that "[[erastes]] should abstain from boys just as parents abstain from sexual intercourse with their own children." This system, implies [[Xenophon]], produces the most modest, trustworthy and self-controlled men in all of Greece. <ref>Xenophon, ''Constitution of the Lacedaemonians,'' II.13-14</ref>		Though [[Plato]] in his ''Laws'' implies otherwise in asserting that the Spartan custom of males taking sexual pleasure with other males was ''''παρά φύσιν'''' "beyond nature"<ref>Plato, ''Laws,'' 636b </ref>, many ancient writers held that Spartan pederasty was chaste, though still erotic. [[Lycurgus (Sparta)\|Lycurgus]] decreed that if someone, being himself an honest man, admired a boy's soul and tried to make of him an ideal friend without reproach and to associate with him, he approved, and believed in the excellence of this kind of training. But if it were clear the attraction lay in the boy's bodily beauty, he banned the connection as an abomination; and thus he mandated that "[[erastes]] should abstain from boys just as parents abstain from sexual intercourse with their own children." This system, implies [[Xenophon]], produces the most modest, trustworthy and self-controlled men in all of Greece. <ref>Xenophon, ''Constitution of the Lacedaemonians,'' II.13-14</ref>

Etenne: /* Erotic aspects */

2015-04-08T15:07:41Z

Erotic aspects

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	==Erotic aspects==		==Erotic aspects==
	[[File:Tomb of the Diver symposium.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|<center>''Erastes'' and ''eromenos'' in a [[symposium]] scene from the [[Tomb of the Diver]] in [[Paestum]] (North wall - detail)</center>]]		[[File:Tomb of the Diver symposium.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|<center>''[[Erastes]]'' and ''[[eromenos]]'' in a [[symposium]] scene from the Tomb of the Diver in Paestum (North wall - detail)</center>]]
	Though [[Plato]] in his ''Laws'' implies otherwise in asserting that the Spartan custom of males taking sexual pleasure with other males was ''''παρά φύσιν'''' "beyond nature"<ref>Plato, ''Laws,'' 636b </ref>, many ancient writers held that Spartan pederasty was chaste, though still erotic. [[Lycurgus (Sparta)\|Lycurgus]] decreed that if someone, being himself an honest man, admired a boy's soul and tried to make of him an ideal friend without reproach and to associate with him, he approved, and believed in the excellence of this kind of training. But if it were clear the attraction lay in the boy's bodily beauty, he banned the connection as an abomination; and thus he mandated that "[[erastes]] should abstain from boys just as parents abstain from sexual intercourse with their own children." This system, implies [[Xenophon]], produces the most modest, trustworthy and self-controlled men in all of Greece. <ref>Xenophon, ''Constitution of the Lacedaemonians,'' II.13-14</ref>		Though [[Plato]] in his ''Laws'' implies otherwise in asserting that the Spartan custom of males taking sexual pleasure with other males was ''''παρά φύσιν'''' "beyond nature"<ref>Plato, ''Laws,'' 636b </ref>, many ancient writers held that Spartan pederasty was chaste, though still erotic. [[Lycurgus (Sparta)\|Lycurgus]] decreed that if someone, being himself an honest man, admired a boy's soul and tried to make of him an ideal friend without reproach and to associate with him, he approved, and believed in the excellence of this kind of training. But if it were clear the attraction lay in the boy's bodily beauty, he banned the connection as an abomination; and thus he mandated that "[[erastes]] should abstain from boys just as parents abstain from sexual intercourse with their own children." This system, implies [[Xenophon]], produces the most modest, trustworthy and self-controlled men in all of Greece. <ref>Xenophon, ''Constitution of the Lacedaemonians,'' II.13-14</ref>

Etenne: /* Erotic aspects */

2015-04-08T15:06:24Z

Erotic aspects

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	==Erotic aspects==		==Erotic aspects==
			[[File:Tomb of the Diver symposium.jpg\|thumb\|right\|250px\|<center>''Erastes'' and ''eromenos'' in a [[symposium]] scene from the [[Tomb of the Diver]] in [[Paestum]] (North wall - detail)</center>]]
	Though [[Plato]] in his ''Laws'' implies otherwise in asserting that the Spartan custom of males taking sexual pleasure with other males was ''''παρά φύσιν'''' "beyond nature"<ref>Plato, ''Laws,'' 636b </ref>, many ancient writers held that Spartan pederasty was chaste, though still erotic. [[Lycurgus (Sparta)\|Lycurgus]] decreed that if someone, being himself an honest man, admired a boy's soul and tried to make of him an ideal friend without reproach and to associate with him, he approved, and believed in the excellence of this kind of training. But if it were clear the attraction lay in the boy's bodily beauty, he banned the connection as an abomination; and thus he mandated that "[[erastes]] should abstain from boys just as parents abstain from sexual intercourse with their own children." This system, implies [[Xenophon]], produces the most modest, trustworthy and self-controlled men in all of Greece. <ref>Xenophon, ''Constitution of the Lacedaemonians,'' II.13-14</ref>		Though [[Plato]] in his ''Laws'' implies otherwise in asserting that the Spartan custom of males taking sexual pleasure with other males was ''''παρά φύσιν'''' "beyond nature"<ref>Plato, ''Laws,'' 636b </ref>, many ancient writers held that Spartan pederasty was chaste, though still erotic. [[Lycurgus (Sparta)\|Lycurgus]] decreed that if someone, being himself an honest man, admired a boy's soul and tried to make of him an ideal friend without reproach and to associate with him, he approved, and believed in the excellence of this kind of training. But if it were clear the attraction lay in the boy's bodily beauty, he banned the connection as an abomination; and thus he mandated that "[[erastes]] should abstain from boys just as parents abstain from sexual intercourse with their own children." This system, implies [[Xenophon]], produces the most modest, trustworthy and self-controlled men in all of Greece. <ref>Xenophon, ''Constitution of the Lacedaemonians,'' II.13-14</ref>

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	The lover was responsible for the boy's training. An anecdote relates the story of a Spartan magistrate who was fined by the city because his beloved had cried out while he was fighting, which was considered to be a sign that the young man was overly effeminate and had therefore not been properly educated by his distinguished lover.<ref name="Plutarch, Lives, Lycurgus"/> And while the ephors were lenient with a youth who committed a misdemeanor, they made sure to punish his lover, since it was his responsibility to watch and control his beloved.<ref name="Aelian, Var. Hist., III.10"/>		The lover was responsible for the boy's training. An anecdote relates the story of a Spartan magistrate who was fined by the city because his beloved had cried out while he was fighting, which was considered to be a sign that the young man was overly effeminate and had therefore not been properly educated by his distinguished lover.<ref name="Plutarch, Lives, Lycurgus"/> And while the ephors were lenient with a youth who committed a misdemeanor, they made sure to punish his lover, since it was his responsibility to watch and control his beloved.<ref name="Aelian, Var. Hist., III.10"/>



	==Festivals and religion==		==Festivals and religion==

Etenne at 14:01, 8 April 2015

2015-04-08T14:01:28Z

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	[[Image:DOURIS -480c Zephyr and Hyacinth (Boston 95.31) 851x1130.jpg\|thumb\|150px\|[[Zephyrus]] and [[Hyacinth (mythology)\|Hyacinthus]], the latter was a patron hero of pederasty in Sparta. Attic red-figure cup from Tarquinia, c. 490-480 BCE.]]		[[Image:DOURIS -480c Zephyr and Hyacinth (Boston 95.31) 851x1130.jpg\|thumb\|150px\|[[Zephyrus]] and [[Hyacinth (mythology)\|Hyacinthus]], the latter was a patron hero of pederasty in Sparta. Attic red-figure cup from Tarquinia, c. 490-480 BCE.]]

	'''Spartan pederasty''', the traditional intimate and pedagogic friendship between a man and an adolescent boy, a custom held in common with other [[Dorians\|Dorian]] tribes, is thought to have either been introduced at the time of the Dorian invasion, around 1200 B.C., or to have been instituted in the seventh century B.C. in emulation of that in [[Crete]], which had evolved in response to population pressure.~~{{Citation needed\|date=January 2008}}~~ [[Sparta]] is thought to be the first city to practice athletic nudity, which evolved in parallel with formal [[pederasty\|pederastic]] practices.<ref>Thomas F. Scanlon, "The Dispersion of Pederasty and the Athletic Revolution in Sixth-Century BC Greece," in ''Same-Sex Desire and Love in Greco-Roman Antiquity and in the Classical Tradition of the West,'' ed. B. C. Verstraete and V. Provencal, Harrington Park Press, 2005, pp.64-70</ref>		'''Spartan pederasty''', the traditional intimate and pedagogic friendship between a man and an adolescent boy, a custom held in common with other [[Dorians\|Dorian]] tribes, is thought to have either been introduced at the time of the Dorian invasion, around 1200 B.C., or to have been instituted in the seventh century B.C. in emulation of that in [[Crete]], which had evolved in response to population pressure. [[Sparta]] is thought to be the first city to practice athletic nudity, which evolved in parallel with formal [[pederasty\|pederastic]] practices.<ref>Thomas F. Scanlon, "The Dispersion of Pederasty and the Athletic Revolution in Sixth-Century BC Greece," in ''Same-Sex Desire and Love in Greco-Roman Antiquity and in the Classical Tradition of the West,'' ed. B. C. Verstraete and V. Provencal, Harrington Park Press, 2005, pp.64-70</ref>

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	== See also ==		== See also ==

	*[[Ancient Greece]]		*[[Ancient Greece]]
			*[[Athenian pederasty]]
			*[[Pederasty in ancient Greece]]
			*[[Philosophy of ancient Greek pederasty]]
	*[[Symposium]]		*[[Symposium]]

	*[[Pederasty in ancient Greece]]

	*[[Athenian pederasty]]

	*[[Theban pederasty]]		*[[Theban pederasty]]

	*[[Philosophy of Greek pederasty]]

	{{Navbox Pederasty\|collapsed}}		{{Navbox Pederasty\|collapsed}}

	[[Category:Ancient Greece]]		[[Category:Ancient Greece]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:22, 11 May 2015
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	== See also ==		== See also ==

	*[[~~Agoge~~]]		*[[Ancient Greece]]

	*[[~~History of Sparta~~]]		*[[Symposium]]

	*[[Pederasty in ancient Greece]]		*[[Pederasty in ancient Greece]]

	*[[~~Homosexuality in ancient Greece~~]]		*[[Athenian pederasty]]

	*[[~~LGBT themes in mythology~~]]		*[[Theban pederasty]]

	*[[Philosophy of Greek pederasty]]		*[[Philosophy of Greek pederasty]]