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The '''Azande''' (plural of "Zande" in the Zande language) are an [[ethnic group]] of North Central Africa.

They live primarily in the northeastern part of the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], in south-central and southwestern part of [[South Sudan]], and in southeastern [[Central African Republic]]. The Congolese Azande live in [[Orientale Province]], specifically along the [[Uele River]]; Isiro, Dungu, Kisangani and Duruma. The Central African Azande live in the districts of [[Rafaï]], [[Zemio|Bangasu]] and [[Obo]]. The Azande of South Sudan live in [[Central Equatoria|Central]], [[Western Equatoria]] and [[Western Bahr al-Ghazal]] States, Yei, Maridi, Yambio, Tombura, [[Deim Zubeir]], Wau Town and Momoi.

==History==
The Zande were believed to be formed by a military conquest during the first half of the 18th century. They were led by two [[Dynasty|dynasties]] that differed in origin and political strategy. The Vungara [[clan]] created most of the political, linguistic, and cultural parts. A non-Zande dynasty, the Bandia, expanded into northern Zaire and adopted some of the Zande customs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Azande|url=http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/fiske/135b/azande.htm|access-date=2020-10-18|website=www.sscnet.ucla.edu}}</ref> In the early 19th century, the Bandia people ruled over the Vungara and the two groups became the Azande people. They lived in the [[Savanna|savannas]] of what is now the southeastern part of [[Central African Republic]]. After the death of a king, the king's sons would fight for succession. The losing son would often establish kingdoms in neighboring regions, making the Azande kingdom spread eastward and northward. Sudanese raids halted some of northward expansion later in the 19th century. The Azande became divided by [[Belgium]], [[France]], and [[Anglo-Egyptian Sudan]].<ref name="Africana2">{{cite encyclopedia|editor1-last=Appiah|editor1-first=Kwame Anthony|editor2-last=Gates Jr.|editor2-first=Henry Louis|encyclopedia=Africana|date=2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780195170559|page=[https://archive.org/details/africanaencyclop0004unse/page/315 315]|edition=2nd|volume=1|title=Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience|url=https://archive.org/details/africanaencyclop0004unse/page/315}}</ref>

===Relationships among young men===
There was also a social institution similar to [[pederasty in Ancient Greece]]. As [[E. E. Evans-Pritchard]] recorded in the northern Congo, male Zande warriors between 20 and 30 years of age routinely took on young male lovers between the ages of twelve and twenty, who participated in [[intercrural sex]] and sex with their older partners. The practice largely died out by the mid-19th century, after imperialist Europeans had gained colonial control of African countries, but was still surviving to sufficient degree that the practice was recounted in some detail to Evans-Pritchard by the elders with whom he spoke.<ref>E. E. Evans-Pritchard (December, 1970). "Sexual Inversion among the Azande". ''American Anthropologist'', (New Series) ''72'' (6), 1428-1434.</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:South Sudan]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups]]

Zande - Revision history

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