Papua New Guinea: Difference between revisions
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'''Papua New Guinea''' ('''PNG'''; /ˈpæp(j)uə ... ˈɡɪni, ˈpɑː-/, also US: /ˈpɑːpwə-, ˈpɑːpjə-, ˈpɑːpə-/; Tok Pisin: ''Papua Niugini''; Hiri Motu: ''Papua Niu Gini''; Torres Strait Creole: ''Op Deudai''), officially the '''Independent State of Papua New Guinea''' (Tok Pisin: ''Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini''; Hiri Motu: ''Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini''), is a country in [[Oceania]] that comprises the eastern half of the island of [[New Guinea]] and its offshore islands in [[Melanesia]] (a region of the southwestern [[Pacific Ocean]] north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is [[Port Moresby]]. It is the world's third largest [[List of island countries|island country]] with 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi). | |||
At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. This followed nearly 60 years of Australian administration, which started during [[World War I]]. It became an independent [[Commonwealth realm]] in 1975 with [[Elizabeth II]] as its [[Monarchy of Papua New Guinea|queen]]. It also became a member of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]] in its own right. | |||
Papua New Guinea is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world. As of 2019, it is also the most rural, as only 13.25% of its people live in urban centres.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Urban population (% of total population) - Papua New Guinea {{!}} Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS?locations=PG|access-date=2020-07-19|website=data.worldbank.org}}</ref> There are 851 known [[Languages of Papua New Guinea|languages in the country]], of which 11 now have no known speakers.<ref name="ethnologue">[http://www.ethnologue.com/country/PG Papua New Guinea], Ethnologue</ref> Most of the population of more than 8,000,000 people live in [[Customary land|customary communities]], which are as diverse as the languages.<ref name="University of Hawaii Press">{{cite book | last1= James | first1= Paul | author-link= Paul James (academic) | last2= Nadarajah | first2= Yaso | last3= Haive | first3= Karen | last4= Stead | first4= Victoria | title= Sustainable Communities, Sustainable Development: Other Paths for Papua New Guinea | url=https://www.academia.edu/3230875 | year= 2012 | publisher= University of Hawaii Press | location= Honolulu }}</ref> The country is one of the world's least explored, culturally and geographically. It is known to have numerous groups of [[Uncontacted peoples#New Guinea|uncontacted peoples]], and researchers believe there are many undiscovered species of plants and animals in the interior.<ref>{{cite news |author=Gelineau, Kristen |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/spiders-and-frogs-identified-among-50-new-species-1654296.html |title=Spiders and frogs identified among 50 new species |work=[[The Independent]] |date=26 March 2009 |access-date=26 March 2009}}</ref> | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Papua New Guinea]] | |||
Latest revision as of 05:36, 8 April 2021
Papua New Guinea (PNG; /ˈpæp(j)uə ... ˈɡɪni, ˈpɑː-/, also US: /ˈpɑːpwə-, ˈpɑːpjə-, ˈpɑːpə-/; Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini; Hiri Motu: Papua Niu Gini; Torres Strait Creole: Op Deudai), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea (Tok Pisin: Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; Hiri Motu: Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia). Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. It is the world's third largest island country with 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi).
At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. This followed nearly 60 years of Australian administration, which started during World War I. It became an independent Commonwealth realm in 1975 with Elizabeth II as its queen. It also became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations in its own right.
Papua New Guinea is one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world. As of 2019, it is also the most rural, as only 13.25% of its people live in urban centres.[1] There are 851 known languages in the country, of which 11 now have no known speakers.[2] Most of the population of more than 8,000,000 people live in customary communities, which are as diverse as the languages.[3] The country is one of the world's least explored, culturally and geographically. It is known to have numerous groups of uncontacted peoples, and researchers believe there are many undiscovered species of plants and animals in the interior.[4]
References
- ↑ Urban population (% of total population) - Papua New Guinea | Data.
- ↑ Papua New Guinea, Ethnologue
- ↑ James, Paul; Nadarajah, Yaso; Haive, Karen; Stead, Victoria (2012). Sustainable Communities, Sustainable Development: Other Paths for Papua New Guinea. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. https://www.academia.edu/3230875.
- ↑ Gelineau, Kristen. "Spiders and frogs identified among 50 new species", The Independent, 26 March 2009.
